Celestial hemisphere:  Southern  ·  Constellation: Lepus (Lep)  ·  Contains:  Solar system body or event

Image of the day 06/19/2024

    Comet P12/ Pons Brooks - swinging around behind its dust tail, Niall MacNeill
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    Comet P12/ Pons Brooks - swinging around behind its dust tail

    Image of the day 06/19/2024

      Comet P12/ Pons Brooks - swinging around behind its dust tail, Niall MacNeill
      Powered byPixInsight

      Comet P12/ Pons Brooks - swinging around behind its dust tail

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      I had another opportunity to image this fine comet on June 3rd. I get about 30-50mins from the time it is dark enough to when the comet goes below the trees. This time I decided to capture more Luminance for structure and signal and less RGB, with the idea being tp get enough data for the colour. This produced a less noisy image than my one from May 29th. I also feel it better to rotate around the filters and so this was the sequence:
      Time          Filter          Duration
      18:04          Lum            10 x 30 sec
      18:12          Red             5 x 30 secs
      18:17          Green          5 x 30 secs
      18:21          Blue             5 x 30 secs
      Autofocus on Lum
      18:28          Lum            10 x 30 sec
      18:36          Red             5 x 30 secs
      18:40          Green          5 x 30 secs
      18:45          Blue             5 x 30 secs
      Autofocus on Lum
      18:51          Lum             4 x 30 sec
      18:53.......trees

      The anti-tail is still very apparent and in fact extends beyond the FOV. I made too generous an allowance for the length of the ion tail, although subtely, it does extend towards the edge of the FOV on the other side. It seems pretty clear that the ion tail is diminishing as the comet speeds way from the Sun. However, the Earth and the comet's trajectories mean that our perspective is progressively more behind the dust tail of the comet. My image of May 29th showed most of the dust tail fanning out below the comet in the image, however, a small amount of the tail could be seen above the comet. Here, as you can see, perhaps a quarter is above and three quarters below in the image. By now, I imagine that we will be pretty well lined up directly behind the comet, although cloud here prevents me verifying that. I presume the anti-tail is at its brightest when we are directly in line and traversing the orbital plane of the comet. Just to reiterate the mechanism by which we see the anti-tail. The comet clearly sloughs off particles with a wide range of sizes. The really fine stuff is blown around by the solar wind, but the heavier stuff, is largely unaffected and so stays close to where it was ejected by the comet, but I guess maintaining the velocity of that ejection. Therefore it doesn't follow the comet along, expecially as the comet, being pulled strongly by the Sun's gravity maintains a curved (eliptical) trajectory. And so, behind where the comet has been, there is a curved line of coarse particles, holding to the comet's previous positon, or perhaps having drifted a relativley small distance. As the Earth passes through the plane of the comet's path, this thicker swathe of particles, changes from a diffuse curve, not so easily seen, to a thick line, where the areas of greater density are aligned behind each other.....thus we see a bright thicker line, sourrounded by the diffuse and much more spread out smaller particles. Again, therefore the anti-tail is an optical illusion. It apparently points to the Sun because we are seeing where the comet previous tracked and that line is between the current position of the nucleus and the direction of the Sun.
      The beautiful galaxy seen below the comet is NGC 2124. I couldn't find a lot of information about it, but from its redshift I estimate it to be ~140 Mly away and 120,000 ly in diameter. Getting the small galaxies in the background is challenging because they tend to go out with the smeared starless comet image after StarXTerminator. I retained this image so that after processing the comet and adding back the RGB stars, I could then return these tiny galaxies using a mask in Photoshop.

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      Comet P12/ Pons Brooks - swinging around behind its dust tail, Niall MacNeill