Celestial hemisphere:  Southern  ·  Constellation: Orion (Ori)  ·  Contains:  NGC 1999  ·  VdB46
NGC 1999, Gary Imm
NGC 1999, Gary Imm

NGC 1999

NGC 1999, Gary Imm
NGC 1999, Gary Imm

NGC 1999

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Description

This object is a tiny bright white-blue reflection nebula located 1500 light years away in the constellation of Orion. The nebula is 1.5 minutes across. The source star, well hidden in the nebula, is the V380 Orionis multiple variable star system.

The dark area in the center of this nebula has been described as a keyhole or a triangle, but is a bit more complicated than that. It was previously thought that this object was a dark nebula - a patch of dust and gas blocking the background light. But recent work within the past 10 years has determined that this T shape is simply empty space, cleared of dust and gas. The exact cause of this phenomenon is still being investigated.

Toward the bottom of the image are a series of small reddish nebula. These are Herbig-Haro (HH) objects and are unrelated to NGC 1999 and V380.  These were the first HH objects to be discovered. Herbig-Haro objects are small, wispy arcs of nebulosity formed when jets of gas from newborn stars collide with nearby clouds of gas and dust at high speeds.  Of all deep space objects, they are among the smallest and fastest changing in shape.  Changes in nebulae appearance can be seen from year to year in some objects.  The first astronomers to study these objects in detail were George Herbig and Guillermo Haro, after whom they have been named.

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